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{N0 MedelJ a sheets Sheet 1,

J. H. JOHNSON.

KILN.

No. 419,334. Patented Jan. 14, 1890.

. I i v WITNESSES: llVVE/VTOR N. PETERS, PholO-Lilhcgnpher. Washington.a. c.

a Sheets-Sheet 2,

KILN.

J. H. JOHNSON.

jz'gg e ted Jan. 14, 1890.

. (No Model.)

uuvcftns PholvLilhagrnpher. Washington, n.c.

Q WITNESSES:

(No Model. 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. H. JOHNSON. KILN.

N0.419,334. PatBntedJan. 14,1890.

ATTORNEY u PETERS, PhclO-Lilhcgnpher. Waihingtorl. o c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. JOHNSON, OF ORANGE, TEXAS.

KlLN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 419,334, dated January14, 1890.

Application filed April 19, 1889.

To. all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN H. JOHNSON, of Orange, in the county of Orangeand State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inKilns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to heat-regulators for dry-kilns; and its objectis to provide new and improved means for extinguishing accidental firesoccurring within the kilns.

The invention consists of certain parts and details and combinations ofthe same, as will be hereinafter described, and then pointed out in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification,

in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts inall the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional end elevation of a kiln-building to which myinvention is applied. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation ofthe same on the line a: o: of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side elevation ofthe improvement.

In the drawings I show an automatic heatregulating apparatus, which Ipropose to use together with the fire-extinguisher, and for which I alsopropose to file a separate application. I will firstdescribe suchheat-regulating apparatus, so that its relation to the invention hereinclaimed may be understood.

The kiln-building A, of suitable size and construction, contains afurnace B of any approved construction and provided with an air-inletpipe 0, extending to the outside of the building A. Inside of the latteris located a vessel D, containing mercury or other suitable substanceeasily expanded by heat. In the top of the vessel D is held to slide apiston F, resting at its interior end on the top of the mercury E in thevessel D, so that when the mercury expands the piston F is moved upward.Near the upper end of the piston F is held a spring F, on the top ofwhich rests one end of a lever G, fulcrumed on a suitable bracketsecured to the vessel D. On one end of the lever G is hung a Weight Gfor holding the piston F in a lowermost position-that is, in contactwith the top of the mercury E. The other end of the lever G is pivotallyconnected by a link G2 with an Serial No. 307,722. (No model.)

arm G of a bell-crank lever pivoted inside of the building A on one ofits walls and connected by its other arm G with a link G which extendshorizontally to the outside through a suitable slot in one of the wallsof the kiln. The outer end of thelink G is pivotally connected with anarm G secured on a shaft H, extending longitudinally and mounted insuitable bearings secured to the outside of the kiln A. On" the shaftHisalso secured an arm I-I, pivotally connected by a linkH with a crank-armH fastened on the outer end of a shaft H extending transversely throughthe air-inlet pipe O and carrying a damper H located inside of the saidpipe C. lVhen the heat in the kiln A exceeds a normal degree, then themercury E in the vessel D is, expanded to such an extent that the pistonF in moving up raises the weighted end of the lever G and causes adownward movement of the other end of the lever connected with the arm Gof the bell-crank lever,which is connected by the arms G and- G6 and thelink G with the shaft H. The latter is consequently turned, so that thearm H swings downward and causes a turning of the shaft H by the link Hand the crank-arm H The turning of the shaft H closes the damper H inthe pipe 0, so that the air from the out side is prevented from passinginto the fur-- nace B. When the heat in the buildingA decreases to thenormal degree, then the lever' G is returned to its former position bythe weight G, and the damper H is moved in an opposite direction to itsformer position by the means above described in connection with the saidlever G. The air is then again permitted to pass into the furnace B andthrough the same, to be heated and discharged into the building A. Thespring F, on which the lever G rests, eases the sliding movement of thepiston F.

I Will now describe the fire-extinguishing apparatus. On the outside ofthe building A is arranged a Weight I,-resting on one end of a lever J,fulcrumed on the outside of the building A. The other end of the saidlever J is locked in place by a trigger J, secured on a shaft J mountedto turn in suitable bear-' ings in the wall of the buildingA andextending transversely to the inside of the same.

On the shaft J 2 on its outside is secured an arm J from which hangsdownward arope J supporting a weight .I The weight J is considerablylighter than the weight I, so that the latter holds the trigger J lockedon the lever J. On the inner end of the shaft J is secured an arm I, tothe free end of which is secured a slack rope K, connected with a weightK, resting on one end of a lever K fulcrumed in the building and lockedin place at its other end by a hook K formed on the arm K of abell-crank lever, also fulcrumed in the building next below thelever KThe other end of the arm K is engaged by one end of a lever L, alsofulcrumed on the wall of the building and pivotally connected atitsother end with an upwardly-extending link L, to which are secured theends of a number of ropes L L and L, diverging upward over the side walland passing over suit-able pulleys L as is plainly shown in Figs. 1 and2. The ropes L L and L after passing over the pulleys L each carry aweight L, so as to hold the lever L in contact with the lever. K",whereby the latter is locked in place. From each of the ropes L L and L,hangs loosely a rope L connected with a weight L supported by a rope Lfrom a hook in the roof of the building A. The weighted arm J securedonthe outer end of the shaft J is pivotally connected by a link N with thecrank-arm N, secured on the shaft N extending longitudinally on theoutside of the building Aand mounted in the same bearings that carry theshaft H, before mentioned. On the shaft N is also secured a crank-arm Npivotally connected by a link N with a crank-arm N secured on a shaft N,extending transversely through the air-pipe O and located in the rear ofthe damper H before mentioned. The shaft N carries a damper N ,similarin construction to the damper II, and serving to close the air-pipe O incase of an accidental fire in the building A. The weight I, resting onthe lever J, is connected with a wire rope 0, extending upward andpassing over a pulley 0, located under the roof of the building A. Thewire rope 0 then passes into the building A and upward under the saidroof and winds onto a drum 0 secured on a shaft 0 extendinglongitudinally and mounted to rotate in suitable bearings formed in thedome P, supported on top of the roof. The dome P is provided on eachside with a longitudinal opening P, so that excessive heat in thebuilding A can pass through the said openings P to the outside. On theshaft 0 near each end are secured the pulleys O and 0 over each of whichpass the two ropes or chains 0 and 0 extending in opposite directionsthrough the openings P and connecting with the dampers Q, pivoted on thetop of the roof on the outside and adapted to close the longitudinalopenings P in the dome P. secured a pulley O on which winds one end of arope 0", hanging downward on the out- On one end of the shaft 0 is sideof the kiln A and serving to open or close the dampers Q from the groundwhenever desired. The weight I is also connected with one end of a ropeR, extending upward and passing over the pulley R to the inside of thebuilding A. The inner end of the rope R is connected with the free endof a lever S,

can ing a wei ht S and fulcrumed on a bracket secured to asteam-receptacle T, into which opens a steam-pipe T, connected with aboiler or other suitable source of steamsupply. The steam-vessel T isclosed at its upper end by a valve U, opening upward and hung on thelever S, beforementioned.

The operation is as follows: When the heat in the kiln-building A isnormal, the dampers H and N in the furnace B are open, \Vhen the heatexceeds a normal degree, then the damper H is closed, as beforedescribed, by the expansion of the mercury E in the vessel D. Thedampers Q can be opened and closed at any time from the outside bymanipulating the rope O in the usual manner. \Vhen an accidental fireoccurs in the kiln, one of the ropes L, supporting the weight L isburned, so that the weight L drops downward and causes an upward pull onthe respective rope or chain L L or L, whereby the link L is movedupward and the lever L moves the arm K of the bell-crank lever downward,and the arm K swings sidewise, whereby the hook K is disengaged from thelever K The weight K, resting on the lat ter, now drops, causing the armJ 6 to swing downward. This motion of the arm J turns the shaft Jwhereby the trigger J is disengaged from the notched end of the lever J,and the latter is thus set free. The weight I is thus dropped and exertsa pull on the rope 0, so that the shaft 0 in thedome P of the kiln A isturned, whereby the pulleys O and 0 wind up their respective ropes O and0 so as to close the dampers Q. At the same time the weight I exerts apull on the rope R, whereby the lever S is raised and the valve U isunseated from the steam-vessel T. The steam in the latter can now escapethrough the valve-seat into the building A, so as to extinguish theaccidental fire. The turning of the shaft J imparts a downward swingingmotion to the arm J which, by its connection by means of the link N andthe crankarm N with the shaft N turns the latter, so that the damper Nin the air-inlet pipe 0 is closed. Thus it will be seen that the accessof air to the furnace B is shut 01f, the dampers Q in the top of thedome are closed, and the interior of the kiln is flooded with steam, sothat the fire is quickly extinguished.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, isi 1. In a kiln, the combination, withweights suspended by ropes in the kiln-building, of ropes connected withthe said weights, alink connected with the said ropes, a leverconnecting at one end with the said link, a bell- ITO crank lever lockedin place by the said lever, a second lever locked in place by the saidbell-crank lever, and a weight resting on the said second lever andadapted to control a valve for admitting steam to the kiln, and alsoadapted to close the dampers in the dome of the kiln, substantially asshown and described.

2. The combination, with weights suspended by ropes in the kilnbuilding, of weighted ropes connected with the said weights, a linkconnected with the said ropes, a lever connected at one end with thesaid link, a bell-crank lever locked in place by the said lever, asecond lever locked in place by the said bell-crank lever, a drop-weightresting on the said second lever, a pivoted arm connected with saidweight by a rope,a rockshaft operated by said arm, and mechanismconnected with the rock-shaft for opening a steam -discharge valve, asshown and described.

3. The combination, with weights suspended by ropes in thekiln-building, of weighted ropes connected with the said weights, a linkconnected with thesaid ropes, a lever connected at one end with the saidlink, a bell crank lever locked in place by the said lever, a secondlever locked in place by the said bell-crank lever, adrop-weight restingon the said second lever, an arm connected by a rope with the saidweight, a rockshaft to which said arm is attached, a weighted levercontrolling a steam-outlet valve, and a rope for connecting suchweighted lever and rock-shaft, as shown and described.

4. The combination, with weights suspended by ropes in the kilnbuilding, of weighted ropes connected with the said weights, a linkconnected with the said ropes, a lever connected at one end with thesaid link, a bell-crank lever locked in place by the said lever, asecond lever locked in place by the said bell-crank lever, a drop-weightresting on the said second lever, an arm connected by a rope with thesaid weight, a rock-shaft and its arm to which such rope is attached, ahinged damper in the dome of the kiln, and a rope connecting said damperwith the rockshaft, as shown and described.

5. The combination, with weights suspended by ropes in thekiln-building, of weighted ropes connected with the said weights, a linkconnected with the said ropes, a lever connected at one end with thesaid link, a bell-crank lever locked in place by the said lever, asecond lever locked in place by the said bell-crank lever, a drop-weightresting on the said second lever, a rock-shaft and its arm connected byarope with the said weight, hinged dampers in the dome of the kiln,ropes connecting the dampers and rockshaft, and pulleys over which saidropes pass, some in opposite directions to others, so that the rotationof the rock-shaft will open or close said dampers, as specified.

6. The combination, with weights suspended by ropes in the kiln-bnilding, of-

weighted ropes connected with the said weights, a link connected withthe said ropes, a lever connected at one end with the said link, abell-crank lever locked in place by the said lever, a second leverlocked in place by the said bell-crank lever, a drop weight resting onthe said second lever, a pivoted arm connected by a rope with the saidweight, a steam-vessel located in the kiln-building and provided 'withan outlet-valve, and means,

substantially as described, connecting the said valve with the said arm,as set forth.

JOHN H. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

S. CHENAULT, O. B. Moss.

